Icons8的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列訂位、菜單、價格優惠和問答集

Covid-19疫情下之德國中小企業員工激勵策略

為了解決Icons8的問題，作者施芮芬 這樣論述：

Although the topic of employee motivation has always been crucial, it can be seen as particularly vital during times of a crisis, such as the global Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Consequently, the question arises of how to motivate employees under such extraordinary circumstances.T

hus, this paper explores the topic of motivational strategies of German small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, interviews were conducted with managing directors and employees of German service SMEs to get different perspectives on the complex matter of m

otivating employees in times of a crisis and to examine differences in strategies before, during and after the pandemic. Differences between employee and employer perspectives on the one hand and differences among SME sizes were explored on the other hand to obtain a comprehensive picture of prevale

nt motivation practice in German service SMEs in evolving circumstances.The results of this research revealed that SMEs motivated their employees with non-monetary instruments before the pandemic, thereby aiming at establishing personal contact through management, leadership style, team, and formal

and informal meetings in presence. It was found that managing directors mainly considered two types of influencing factors, input- and output-oriented influencing factors, when developing motivational strategies before the pandemic. Comparing motivational strategies before and during the COVID-19 pa

ndemic revealed existing, but no fundamental differences. As some motivational strategies could not be executed during the pandemic, they were switched to digital measures wherever possible. Nonetheless, some strategies remained the same, and measures aiming at creating personal contact were increas

ingly used during the pandemic. Additionally, the research identified the economic and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic as an additional influencing factor, which was considered by managing directors when developing motivational strategies during the pandemic. By applying a dual lens of analys

is, this research outlined differences in perspectives on motivation between employees and managing directors. Thereby, employees perceived the motivational strategies implemented before and during the pandemic as intended by the managing directors. Further, only minor differences in perspectives be

tween managing directors and employees concerning the importance of specific measures were identified. Beyond these organization-internal findings, minor differences deriving from different SME sizes, especially micro-, and medium-sized enterprises, were detected organization-external. One central d

istinction shaping different motivational strategies appeared to be the degree of personal contact between managing directors and employees and between co-workers.Overall, the findings offer implications about successful motivational strategies in times of a crisis and can thus be used as a guidelin

e by the managing directors of other German SMEs.